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Compound nuclear decay and the liquid to vapor phase transition: a physical picture

机译:复合核衰变和液相到气相转变:a   实物图片

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摘要

Analyses of multifragmentation in terms of the Fisher droplet model (FDM) andthe associated construction of a nuclear phase diagram bring forth the problemof the actual existence of the nuclear vapor phase and the meaning of itsassociated pressure. We present here a physical picture of fragment productionfrom excited nuclei that solves this problem and establishes the relationshipbetween the FDM and the standard compound nucleus decay rate for rare particlesemitted in first-chance decay. The compound thermal emission picture isformally equivalent to a FDM-like equilibrium description and avoids theproblem of the vapor while also explaining the observation of Boltzmann-likedistribution of emission times. In this picture a simple Fermi gas thermometricrelation is naturally justified and verified in the fragment yields and timescales. Low energy compound nucleus fragment yields scale according to the FDMand lead to an estimate of the infinite symmetric nuclear matter criticaltemperature between 18 and 27 MeV depending on the choice of the surface energycoefficient of nuclear matter.
机译:根据Fisher液滴模型(FDM)对多碎片进行了分析,并建立了核相图,提出了核汽相实际存在的问题及其相关压力的含义。我们在这里展示了由激发核产生的碎片的物理图景,它解决了这个问题,并建立了FDM和标准复合核衰变速率之间的关系,这种稀疏粒子在第一次机会衰变中散发。复合的热辐射图在形式上等同于FDM式的平衡描述,避免了蒸气的问题,同时还解释了观察到的Boltzmann式发射时间分布。在这张照片中,一个简单的费米气体温度关系自然是合理的,并在碎片产量和时间尺度上得到了验证。低能复合核碎片的产量根据FDM的大小而定,这取决于对核物质的表面能系数的选择,可以估计18至27 MeV之间的无限对称核物质临界温度。

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